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<text><![CDATA[Orange-innovation.tv<br>in partnership with Cité des Télécoms, presents<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[got it!<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[presented by Eric Hamonou<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[programme #04 Ethology<br>using mobiles to understand cities<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Hello everyone, and welcome to this<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[new edition of 'got it !' -<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[a programme brought to you by Orange-innovation.tv<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[- in partnership with Cité des Télécoms at Pleumeur-Bodou, in the Côtes d'Armor.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Every couple of weeks, we're here for<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[a technical training session -<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[so that you'll never be lost again<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[when it comes to talking hi-tech.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[So, let's not waste any more time. Ready ?<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[On your marks,  get set... Go!<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Ethology - using mobiles to understand cities<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Are you familiar with Putrajaya,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[the new administrative capital of Malaysia,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[which is due to be completed next year ?<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Well, you should know that, up until now, it has cost<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[almost ten billion dollars<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[- and that today, there are just fifty thousand inhabitants,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[yet the promoters were expecting 7 times as many.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[At the very least, and for the moment in any case,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[it isn't looking like a success story.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[There's every chance that the Putrajaya town planners<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[would love to know what's missing from their city, so as to attract Malaysians.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[And they're not the only ones - all over the world<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[the people responsible for managing major urban centres are<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[trying to find out why certain streets, certain neighbourhoods,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[and certain cities, develop better than others.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Information which could avoid<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[costly investments resulting in pure losses.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[At this very moment, researchers are considering new tools,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[new instruments that are capable of taking the pulse of our cities<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[so as to make an assessment of their health.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[And - would you believe it - one of these tools might well be the mobile phone.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Because the traces we leave on our operator's network, wherever we go<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[betray our habits, and show how we use the city.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Our mobiles allow a map to be drawn of what our territory is,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[the places we go to, those which we avoid,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[the place where we live, the one where we work,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[where we go out to, where we do our shopping.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Recording these movements over a period of time<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[could allow town planners to see - for the first time ever, and almost as it is happening -<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[how the city mutates.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[For the moment, we know almost nothing<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[about the long term dynamics of a city.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[We don't know how use of the city by its inhabitants evolves over time.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[We are just about familiar with its daily and weekly cycles,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[...But what about its annual,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[decennial, and centennial cycles ? We know nothing, or next to nothing.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[And yet, such knowledge would undoubtedly allow us<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[to identify the laws which rule over its destiny,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[which would in turn allow us to better prepare for its future evolution<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[- and consequently, to interact with it more effectively.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[A mine of information that the managers,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[town planners and architects<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[could then use in drawing up new neighbourhoods<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[or to redevelop others. Let's take a closer look.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Ethology - using mobiles to understand cities<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[From the moment that our mobiles are turned on, our operator knows, very precisely,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[and constantly, in which part of our network we can be found.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Because as soon as they are turned on,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[our telephones seek to connect to the network<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[and they do this using the mast through which they get the best connection,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[- in general this is the closest one.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[From then on, the operator's network memorizes<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[the identifying number of the mast which is serving as our gateway to the network,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[and this is what allows it to locate us quickly if it receives a call for us.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Of course, if we are moving around, there's a good chance<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[that our mobile ends up gradually losing<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[contact with its favourite mast, in favour of a mast that is still an unknown.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[In this case, our telephone will simply ask<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[our operator's network<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[to modify the identifying mast to which we are linked<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[so that it matches that of the new mast,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[and so on.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[All of these modifications are then carefully saved<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[is the histories, which once they've been rendered anonymous,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[can enable researchers to track our every movement.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[With our mobiles in our pockets,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[we're a bit like the penguins,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Luth turtles or wild ducks<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[that are marked by ethologists<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[and tracked, to study how they live.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[And just as all these scientists draw lessons out of tracking these animals,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[which enable them to improve their habitat<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[and facilitate their development,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[they think that by studying our movements<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[- using the histories from the operators -<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[it will be possible to improve cities, our own habitat,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[because in France - as in many developed countries -<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[almost 75% of the population is urban.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Improving our lives, for example by fighting the traffic jams<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[that make us waste precious time<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[and which cost -are you sitting down ? -<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[local authorities almost a billion per year.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[INRETS - the French National Institute for Transport and Safety Research,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[is currently working with France Télécom and the Thales group<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[on validating software that is able to estimate<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[road traffic conditions<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[and journey time on a section of the motorway in the Toulouse region,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[using the mobile phones of Orange subscribers.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[A variation on this service should also be offered by SFR<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[who is, on this occasion, working with TomTom<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[- a manufacturer of GPS navigation systems -<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[again, to provide a journey time<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[that is recalculated every 2 minutes, on all roads.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Improving the city - this could also entail<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[adapting the frequency of urban transport<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[to the needs of the population.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[In 2006, an MIT team in the United States<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[demonstrated that this was completely possible.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[Associated, on this occasion with the Telecom Italia operator<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[and the ATAC company, which manages Rome's 2,100 buses,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[the team created software that was able to anonymously identify<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[pedestrian subscribers of the operator,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[and, in parallel, to monitor travel by bus,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[this time, using GPS beacons.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[In this way, it was possible to check whether the bus was in the right place for the potential customers.<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[During the same period, the MIT team also came up with a tool<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[enabling real-time following of the movements of a crowd<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[at city level - Rome, again,<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[on the occasion of a Madonna concert<br />]]></text>
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<text><![CDATA[and the arrival of the Squadra Azzura after a World Cup victory.<br />]]></text>
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<tcIn>00:05:05</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:08</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[For these researchers, this info could be used to better manage transport,<br />]]></text>
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<tcIn>00:05:08</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:11</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[traffic jams and emergency services.<br />]]></text>
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<item>
<tcIn>00:05:11</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:13</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[We can see the same trend in France, where Orange Labs,<br />]]></text>
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<tcIn>00:05:13</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:15</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[inspired by the MIT developments,<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:05:15</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:18</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[has produced an application which allows us to track the movements of Parisians,<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:05:18</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:21</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[or to visualise the number of calls being made,<br />]]></text>
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<item>
<tcIn>00:05:21</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:23</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[or text messages sent.<br />]]></text>
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<item>
<tcIn>00:05:25</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:29</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[3 am - Ile de France at dawn - the Rungis market is waking up<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:05:29</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:33</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[5 am - The heart of Ile de France is beating - Rungis and the airports<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:05:33</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:37</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[8.30 am - Hoards of people at the stations in the morning, in Paris<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:05:37</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:40</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[7 pm - Métro-Work-Sleep the end of an ordinary day<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:05:40</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:43</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[Used to visualise the activity of the city, during the Fête de la Musique<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:05:43</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:46</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[and during the Tokyo Hotel concert at Parc des Princes in 2008<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:05:46</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:49</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[and even at New Year - here's what it looks like.<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:05:49</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:53</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[Happy New Year! Greetings sent by SMS for New Year 2009 in Paris<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:05:53</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:56</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[Happy New Year 2009 in Ile de France<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:05:56</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:05:58</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[The Orange Labs application<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:05:58</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:00</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[even allows to distinguish the movements of Parisians,<br />]]></text>
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<item>
<tcIn>00:06:00</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:03</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[from those of tourists or of young people.<br />]]></text>
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<item>
<tcIn>00:06:03</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:06</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[In this way, we can identify the neighbourhoods which are loved or deserted by each group.<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:06</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:10</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[A similar method, applied country-wide in Estonia<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:10</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:12</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[allowed researchers from the University of Tartu<br />]]></text>
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<item>
<tcIn>00:06:12</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:15</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[to visualise the movements of foreign tourists visiting their country.<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:15</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:17</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[And to their astonishment,<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:17</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:19</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[they realised that they didn't all visit the same sites<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:19</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:21</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[and that each nationality had its own preferences.<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:21</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:23</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[Through this study, they've even discovered<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:23</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:25</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[that people take an interest in sites<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:25</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:27</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[which nobody had ever thought of developing.<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:27</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:32</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[got it!<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:32</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:34</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[Well, that's it, our programme has reached an end,<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:34</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:36</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[so we'll say goodbye, and hope to see you again in 2 weeks<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:36</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:39</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[for a new edition of 'got it !' -<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:39</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:41</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[the programme which gives you all the detail about new innovations.<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:41</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:44</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[See you very soon on Orange-innovation.tv<br />]]></text>
</item>
<item>
<tcIn>00:06:44</tcIn>
<tcOut>00:06:51</tcOut>
<text><![CDATA[Orange-innovation.tv<br />]]></text>
</item>
</mySub>
